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Free NCLEX-RN Physiological Integrity Basic Care and Comfort And Physiological Integrity Physiological Adaptation Practice Test Question

NCLEX RN Physiological Integrity Basic Care and Comfort Practice Test Questions

Here’s a mini Physiological Integrity Basic Care and Comfort guide with NCLEX-RN questions and answers with rationale

Use these free practice questions online to measure your current strengths and weaknesses in this section of the test. Utilize your results to help determine where you need to invest your review time between now and your exam date.

1. The nurses top priority when caring for a patient who uses a cane is:

  1. Mobility
  2. Rest periods
  3. Nutritional deficits
  4. Safety

2. A stage one decubitus ulcer will require all of the following except:

  1. More frequent repositioning
  2. Positioning that avoids the affected area
  3. Scheduled massages to the affected site
  4. Keeping the area clean and dry

3. A patient who has restraint orders necessary for their safety must:

  1. Be provided diapers in case of incontinent episodes
  2. Be released every two hours and repositioned
  3. Be released, repositioned, ambulated, and taken to the bathroom at least every 4 hours
  4. Be kept in bedclothes as they are more comfortable when restraints are necessary

4. ADL’s, when performed by the patient, improve or maintain all of the following except:

  1. Self esteem
  2. Physical abilities
  3. Communication
  4. Mental acuity

5. Your patient has PVD (Peripheral Vascular Disease), and has stage 3 pitting edema in her lower legs and feet. What autonomous nursing action should you take?

  1. Elevate her feet above the level of her heart.
  2. Increase liquids to two liters per day.
  3. Have the patient stand and walk more.
  4. Encourage tight footwear to decrease swelling in her feet.

6. Pyrazinamide can cause inaccuracies in which of the following tests?

  1. Thyroid function tests
  2. CBC with differential
  3. Liver function tests
  4. Glucose tolerance test

7. A diabetic protects against ketoacidosis by:

  1. Limiting food intake
  2. Checking blood sugar four times a day
  3. Checking blood sugar two times a day
  4. Checking for ketones in the urine

8. Therapeutic massage helps relieve stress and:

  1. Increases circulation and improves muscle tone
  2. Assists the healing process in damaged tissue
  3. Requires a physician’s order
  4. Improves memory

9. What medication can be given IV to decrease dysrhythmias by reducing irritability in the heart cells?

  1. Potassium
  2. Lidocaine
  3. Digitalis
  4. Procardia

Answers and Rational

1. Correct answer: D
Safety is the nurse’s primary concern for a patient who is dependent on a cane for mobility.
A – Maintaining and improving mobility is important, but safety is the factor that will insure this.
B – Rest periods are a part of safety, not the primary concern.
C – There is no data that suggests a nutritional deficit, but a healthy intake is also part of the safety factor when ambulating.

2. Correct answer: C
Massaging and manipulation of the already damaged tissue will worsen the condition.
A – B – D are all true statements that will help the damaged skin heal.

3. Correct answer: C
Patients who are restrained must have the restraints removed at least every 4 hours to ambulate, reposition, toilet, and socialize. If the patient needs or asks to go to the bathroom in less than 4 hours, this need must be met. A continent patient who becomes incontinent because of restraints has been neglected and abused. Restrained patients are at greater risk for incontinent episodes, decubitus ulcers, loss of musculature, weakness, anxiety, and decreased mental acuity.
A – Providing diapers instead of releasing and assisting the patient to toilet is not acceptable nursing practice. It decreases the patient’s dignity and violates patient’s rights.
B – Every two hours is not required unless the patient has a need that dictates this action.
D – The patient who must be in restraints should have the same care and choices in their morning routine as an ambulatory patient. He/she should be groomed, dressed, and ready for their day.

4. Correct answer: C
A patient with a communication deficit does not usually improve with ADL independence.
A – The more the patients can accomplish for themselves, the more dignity is maintained and the less self-esteem issues will arise.
B – Activities of daily living provide much needed exercise, keeping joints and muscles limber and functional.
D – Patients who can attend to their own ADLs maintain mental acuity longer than those who are completely dependent. There should always be assistance close by, but allowing as much privacy and dignity as possible is very important to the patient’s well-being.

5. Correct answer: A
Elevating the lower extremities will help vascular function drain the excess fluid and decrease swelling.
B – Increased liquids may amplify the problem, and needs a physician’s order.
C – Standing will increase the edema.
D – Tight footwear can damage the edematous tissue.

6. Correct answer: C
Pyrazinamide, given for Tuberculosis, dramatically affects the liver and its enzymes.
A – This medication does not affect the thyroid test.
B – The CBC is unaffected by this medication.
D – The glucose tolerance test is not affected by Pyrazinamide.

7. Correct answer: B
Insulin dependent diabetics should take a blood sugar reading before each meal and before bed.
A – Limiting food intake can be dangerous for an insulin dependent diabetic.
C – Blood sugar must be taken 4 times a day.
D – Checking for ketones in the urine does not prevent ketoacidosis

8. Correct answer: A
Increasing circulation with a gentle massage has many therapeutic effects such as decreasing stress, increasing cognitive function, decreasing irritability, decreasing joint and muscle stiffness, and more.
B – Massage can further injure damaged tissue.
C – Normal gentle massage does not require a physician’s order.
D – There is no evidence that massage can directly improve memory.

9. Correct answer: B
Lidocaine is given intravenously to MI patients many times to treat ventricular dysrhythmias.
A – Potassium does not have this mechanism of action and will not decrease the cellular irritability.
C – Digitalis slows and strengthens the heartbeat, and does not have the mechanism of action that is needed in this situation.
D – Procardia is a calcium channel blocker used for hypertensive patients or those with angina.

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Free NCLEX-RN Physiological Integrity Physiological Adaptation Practice Test Questions

NCLEX-RN Physiological Integrity Physiological Adaptation Practice Test Questions:

The Free NCLEX-RN practice exam questions below provides a good review for the Physiological Integrity Physiological Adaptation section. Use these questions to gain insights into what areas of the test you need to dedicate more time to.

1. A paradoxical effect has occurred when:

  1. The wrong antibiotic has been prescribed
  2. A medication produces an effect in the patient that is opposite to what is expected
  3. The body does not metabolize a medication and liver damage may occur
  4. A medication’s peaks and troughs are significantly different than those expected

2. A patient with CHF is taking Lasix q day. She begins to complain of pain and cramps in her legs. Her new lab results will probably show:

  1. Potassium that is below normal limits
  2. Potassium that is above normal limits
  3. Sodium that is above normal limits
  4. Sodium that is below normal limits

3. The patient is receiving a transfusion of packed red cells. The nurse is watches for the symptoms of a transfusion reaction which can include all of the following except:

  1. Fever
  2. Back pain
  3. Chest pain
  4. Euphoria

4. A significant increase in body acid, known as Acidosis, may either be caused by respiratory or metabolic issues. Tests that will determine the type of acidosis include all except:

  1. ABG (Arterial Blood Gasses)
  2. Urine pH
  3. Serum electrolytes
  4. CBC with differential

5. Which of the following complications are related to hyperthyroidism?

  1. Poor eyesight
  2. Brittle bones
  3. Nephritis
  4. Weight gain

6. On an ECG the P-R interval:

  1. Is representative of the time it takes the electrical impulse to get to the ventricle
  2. Represents the impulse that begins the atrial contraction
  3. Represents the time it takes for the completion of the cardiac cycle
  4. Is the duration of the cardiac resting phase

7. A life threatening complication of pancreatitis is:

  1. Abdominal pain
  2. Nausea and vomiting
  3. Abnormal bowel sounds
  4. Increased respirations

8. Patients taking cholestyramine to reduce lipids should be made aware that:

  1. They may become deficient in Niacin
  2. They may become deficient in Folic acid
  3. They may need extra B12
  4. They may become deficient in vitamins A and D

Answers and Rational
1. Correct answer: B
A paradoxical effect of a medication is the opposite of the expected therapeutic effect. For example, a sleeping pill that keeps the patient restless and awake.
A – A medication error does not constitute a paradoxical effect.
C – Slowed metabolism of a drug is not a paradoxical effect.
D – Peaks and troughs do not indicate a paradoxical effect.

2. Correct answer: A
Lasix, a diuretic often prescribed for CHF patients, causes an increased loss of potassium through the kidneys. Unless the potassium is replaced, severe cramps can result. Lab results would show a decrease in the patient’s potassium level.
B – There would be no reason to expect an increase in blood potassium.
C – Diuretics have no significant effect on sodium levels.
D – Lasix has no significant effect on sodium levels.

3. Correct answer: D
Euphoria is not a sign or symptom of a blood transfusion reaction.
A – B – C (Fever, Back pain, and Chest pain) are all common signs of a transfusion reaction.

4. Correct answer: D
A CBC is the exception. It is the least effective test for acidosis.
A – Arterial Blood Gasses are a reliable test to determine the type of acidosis the patient is experiencing.
B – Urine pH will show abnormally acidic if metabolic acidosis is the problem.
C – An electrolyte panel will show bicarbonate levels in the blood. This dictates the pH value of the blood, and can indicate respiratory acidosis.

5. Correct answer: B
Hyperthyroidism causes calcium to be leached out of the bones and teeth into the blood making the bones brittle. This complication can lead to fractures.
A – Hyperthyroidism is not shown to cause poor eyesight.
C – Nephritis is not caused by hyperthyroidism.
D – Hyperthyroidism causes weight loss.

6. Correct answer: A
On an ECG, the P-R interval is representative of the time it takes the electrical impulse to get to the ventricle. This interval goes from the beginning of the P wave through the QRS complex.
B – The atrial contraction begins in the middle of the P wave.
C – The cardiac cycle is represented by a complete P –T complex.
D – The T wave represents the refractory period, or resting phase of the cardiac cycle.

7. Correct answer: D
A critical complication of pancreatitis is respiratory distress, and increased SOB should be reported immediately.
A – Abdominal pain is a normal presenting symptom with Pancreatitis.
B – Nausea and vomiting are normal symptomology for Pancreatitis.
C – Abnormal, or decreased bowel sounds, are a common symptom of Pancreatitis.

8. Correct answer: D
Cholestyramine causes deficiencies in fat-soluble vitamins. They are removed from the blood along with the lipids the medication is meant to reduce.
A – B – and C (Niacin, Folic acid, and B12) are water soluble, and so are not removed from the body by the medication.

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Author: Mark Dahlson